====WDI FOR UNIVERSAL PRECAUTION====
1. Protection of staff against laboratory infection 
  -All laboratory personnel are informed of the hazards including transmission of      viral       infection involved in working in a laboratory. Possible route of infection may be skin abrasion or puncture or through body orifices.
  -In case of incidental exposure to infected (HIV reactive) samples like needle stick injury, wash the hand with soap &water and shall immediately be reported to authority. Use post exposure prophylaxis as per guidelines of regulatory authority. 
  -Immunization of the laboratory staff against hepatitis-B infection is  implemented. 
2. Personnel Protection 
  -Access to the lab is restricted to authorized personnel only.
  -All work surfaces are decontaminated after any spillage and at the end of each working day, 
  -The staff is made aware of universal precautions as under
• Hands 
      - Wash hands before leaving the laboratory, and before eating or drinking. 
      - Wash hands immediately after they have been in contact with blood or blood products. 
      - Wear disposable gloves when handling all materials suspected of being infective or when opening samples of blood. 
      - Keep open wounds and cuts covered with an adhesive dressing or disposable gloves during working. 
      - Never invert a tube containing blood or a blood derivative by covering the mouth of the tube with a finger. 
• Coats 
     - Always use a clean lab coat with buttons closed- while working.
     - If a laboratory coat becomes -soiled with blood or serum, change to a clean one. The soiled coat should be soaked in hypochlorite or autoclaved before it is laundered. 
     - Do not wear lab coat when you proceed for lunch. 
• Mouth 
     - Do not put fingers or other objects such as pens, in the mouth.
     - Do not use mouth pipeting
     - Eating, drinking, smoking is not permitted in any working area of the laboratory.
     - No food or beverage be stored in any laboratory refrigerator, freezer, hot air oven or incubator. 
    *Avoiding needle stick injuries
    *Never recap or bend needles 
    *Dispose all sharps in puncture proof containers.