Model Questions List For MD Biochemistry

YearDescription
2024 List of Model Question for Paper-1 - General and Clinical Biochemistry - Enzymology and Biostatics
  1. Write type of transport mechanism and explain with example
  2. Biochemical events occurring during skeletal muscle contraction.
  3. Biochemical difference between muscle fibers and fuel used by sprinter and marathon runner
  4. Cell membrane asymmetry
  5. Structure and function of liposome, micelle and lipid bilayer.
  6. Explain different type of protein structure with example. Explain primary structure relationship with protein function with two example. Write sequencing method to identify primary structure of protein.
  7. EPA and DHA – biochemical basis of their role in health
  8. Chaperones
  9. Source and clinical significant of essential fatty acid
  10. Collagen synthesis and its disorder
  11. Write salvage pathway of purine and it’s disorder. Explain biochemical reason for different type of hyperurecemia and it’s management
  12. Pathogenesis of Adenosine deaminase deficiency
  13. Explain any five different mechanism of chemotherapeutic drug.
  14. Write purine catabolism pathway and it’s disorder
  15. Major features of human mitochondrial DNA
  16. Write purine analogue
  17. Biochemical reason of etiology and treatment of hyperuricemia
  18. Type of Chromatography
  19. Principle and instrumentation of nephelometry and turbidimetry
  20. Principle of SDS PAGE for protein separation
  21. Principle and utility of mass spectrometry
  22. Principle, type and use of ELISA.
  23. Draw diagram of a spectrophotometer. How double-beam-in-time spectrophotometer differ from double-beam-in-space spectrophotometer
  24. Light sources in analytical equipments
  25. Electrophoresis support media
  26. Isoelectric focusing
  27. Principle of SDS PAGE
  28. Principle, instrumentation and uses of capillary electrophoresis
  29. Affinity chromatography
  30. Explain chromatographic resolution and efficiency
  31. Quadrupole and linear ion trap mass analysers
  32. Tandom mass spectrometry
  33. Clinical applications of mass spectrometer
  34. DNA motifs
  35. Laboratory biosafety guideline related to covid 19
  36. Write various analytic method with it’s principle, advantages, disadvantages, clinical interpretation of CRP, Ferritin, D-Dimer, IL-6 and procalcitonin.
  37. Inflammatory markers of Covid-19
  38. SARS CoV2 lifecycle
  39. Mechanism of action of Vaccines against COVID19
  40. Mechanism of action of Drugs against COVID19
  41. Role of Clinical Biochemistry in COVID19 pandemic
  42. Inflammatory Markers in COVID19 management
  43. Microteaching
  44. OSPE and OSCE
  45. Teaching methods for large group
  46. Teaching methods for small group
  47. Problem based learning
  48. How to write good MCQ question paper
  49. Potentiometry using Ion selective electrodes for H+, Na+, K+ and Cl-
  50. Potentiometry electrodes for pCO2
  51. Amperometric electrode for pO2
  52. Amperometric O2 based and H2O2 based glucose electrodes
  53. Mechanism of methotrexate and 5-flurouracil
2024 List of Model Question for Paper-2 - Metabolism , Bioenergetics, Nutrition , Vitamins and Hormones
  1. Explain structure , type, variant , physiological role, synthesis and regulation of hemoglobin
  2. Digestion and absorption of protein
  3. Dietary fiber – It’s significant and biochemical reason
  4. Regulation of enzyme activity.
  5. Properties and significant of iso-enzyme.
  6. Write type and it’s difference of diabetes mellitus. Explain biochemical changes occurs diabetesmellitus. Investigation require for diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of diabetic patients.
  7. Metabolic changes in patient of diabetes mellitus ketoacidosis.
  8. Explain any five example of competitive enzyme inhibition
  9. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
  10. HDL metabolism
  11. Anti oxidant role of Vitamin
  12. Protein targeting disorder.
  13. Ketogenesis
  14. Write significant of any five amino acid and explain it with related metabolic pathway.
  15. Biochemical reason of hemolysis in G6PD deficiency and explain principle of Methelene Blue based screening test for diagnosis of it.
  16. Regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis and explain of biochemical change of using statin group of drugs for short and long term
  17. Differential diagnosis of jaundice on bases laboratory investigation.
  18. Calculate energy formation of aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis
  19. Pro-oxidant role of anti-oxidant.
  20. Phase-II of xenobiotics.
  21. Glycogen storage disease
  22. Glycogenolysis is not the reverse of glycogenesis
  23. Carnitin shuttle
  24. Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various Hyperhomocystinemia
  25. Biochemical basis of etiology, diagnosis and treatment of unconjugated neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
  26. Amphibolic role of TCA cycle.
  27. Metabolic changes during exercise.
  28. Biochemistry basis of change in enzyme activity due to change in pH and temperature.
  29. Biochemical explanation of galactosemia
  30. Therapeutic role of enzyme
  31. Fredrickson classification of hypercholesteremia
  32. Explain molecular abnormality and detection technique for sickle cell anaemia
  33. Vitamin K cycle and drugs acting on it.
  34. Changes in various laboratory tests in iron deficiency anemia
  35. Diagnostic role of enzyme
  36. Lipid lowering drugs and it’s mechanism of action
  37. Km and Vmax in competitive and noncompetitive enzyme inhibition
  38. Cyanide poisoning – biochemical consequences and biochemical basis of its treatment
  39. Uncouplers of respiratory chain
  40. Thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue
  41. Overview of carbohydrate metabolism
  42. Overview of fatty acid metabolism
  43. Overview of cholesterol metabolism
  44. Overview of amino acid metabolism
  45. Overview of transport of lipids in blood
  46. HDL/VLDL/LDL/Chylomicron
  47. Interconversion among glucose, TG and amino acids
  48. Biochemical events in adipose tissue after a meal
  49. Biochemical events in adipose tissue in fasting
  50. Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various hyperphenylalaninemia
  51. Non-protein nitrogen products of tyrosine and tryptophan and various drugs affecting their metabolism
  52. Maple syrup urine diseases
  53. Biosynthesis and metabolism of serotonin and metatonin
  54. Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various hyperhomocystinemia
  55. Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of various disorders of lipid malabsorption
  56. Biochemical cause of major signs and symptoms of porphyrias
  57. Biochemical basis of etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of unconjugated neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
  58. DM diagnostic guideline
  59. ATP IV Hypercholesterolemia diagnostic guidline
  60. beta thalassemia – genetics, pathogenesis, diagnosis
2024 List of Model Question for Paper-3 - Molecular Biology , Immunology and Cancer
  1. Write process of DNA replication and inhibition. DNA repair mechanism and it’s disorder
  2. Type and effect of the mutation – explain each with example
  3. Post-translational modifications in collagen
  4. Point mutations and frame shift mutations
  5. Oncogene and proto-oncogene
  6. Genomic and cDNA library
  7. Types of vaccines and it’s mechanism of action
  8. Real time PCR
  9. Viral integration and transposons in human genome
  10. Structure, function and inhibitors of DNA topoisomerases
  11. DNA damage – causes, types, repair pathways and repair fedality
  12. Double stranded break repair mechanisms
  13. Transcription cycle
  14. Transcription control regions for eukaryotic genes
  15. Post-trancriptional modification of primary transcript
  16. Mechanism of intron removal and alternative splicing
  17. Detection, quantification and identification of amplicon in real time PCR
  18. Tumor marker
  19. Restriction endonucleases
  20. Structure, physiological Role and clinical importance of Inter Leukins
  21. Enzymes used in recombinant DNA research
  22. Immunoglobulin
  23. Lac operon
  24. Active and Passive immunity
  25. Post-transcription modification of m-RNA.
  26. Properties of genetic code
  27. Write note somatic hyper mutation and iso-type switching of immunoglobin.
  28. Regulation of m-RNA stability
2024 List of Model Question for Paper-4 - Technique in experimental biochemistry , Recent advances
  1. Precaution and management of Needle stick injury
  2. Biomedical Medical Waste management disposal rules
  3. Extrinsic and Intrinsic coagulation pathway
  4. Write specification for fully auto biochemistry analyser
  5. Explain measurement uncertainty and its requirements in ISO 15189:2012
  6. Characteristic of good LIS
  7. Format checklist on basis of objective structured practical examination (OSPE) to check technician’s competency for pipetting.
  8. Explain biochemical basis of anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet action of aspirin, in context of it’s dose and duration of action.
  9. Laboratory test to measure coagulation, thrombolysis and platelet aggregation.
  10. Write blood and urine investigation require for differential diagnosis of renal failure and for evaluate prognosis of patient. Write biochemical reason for each parameter alteration. Write any three different estimation method with it’s principle of any these parameter.
  11. LoB,LoD,LoQ and LoL
  12. Newer advances in vacuum tubes technology for patient and phlebotomist safety
  13. Concept of six sigma and measurement of sigma in a clinical chemistry laboratory
  14. Calibrator traceability
  15. Use of barcoding in clinical laboratory
  16. Components of Integrated automation system in clinical laboratory
  17. Advantages and disadvantages of POCT
  18. Ideal requirements of POCT
  19. Describe formation of creatinine in body Describe salient features of chemical and enzymatic methods for serum creatinine measurement. Give account of quality issues in creatinine measurement. List advantages and disadvantages of markers of GFR. Explain use of IDMS traceable MDRD equation for estimating GFR from serum creatinine.
  20. Explain different types of isoenzymes and isoforms of Creatine Kinase in humans. Describe principle of measurement of CK-MB by catalytic method and mass method. Why the catalytic method generally contain N-acetyl cysteine, AMP and diadenosine-pentaphosphate.
  21. Draw diagram of a spectrophotometer. How double-beam-in-time spectrophotometer differ from double-beam-in-space spectrophotometer
  22. Amperometric O2 based and H2O2 based glucose electrodes
  23. Desirable characteristics of EQA program for clinical chemistry
  24. Quality indicators in NABL accredited clinical laboratory / requirements in ISO 15189-2012
  25. Principle of SDS PAGE
  26. Physiological role of liver.
  27. Hormonal changes during menstrual cycle.
  28. Absorption of iron
  29. Root cause analysis in case of internal quality control outlier
  30. Thyroid hormone synthesis
  31. Pre-analytic variation
  32. Training require for technical person working in clinical laboratory. Explain one in detail.
  33. ABO blood groups
  34. Type and Use of different blood collection tubes & order of draw for blood collection
  35. Preparation require for apply for NABL accreditation
  36. Mandatory requirement in patient report format as per ISO 15189:2012
  37. Methology for comparison sample result of analyte between different analytic methods and instruments.
  38. Westgard rules for interpretation of QC results
  39. Explain pre-analytic process for arterial blood gas analysis and it’s interpretation
  40. Planning and technical requirement of internal audit of laboratory.
  41. Requirements in ISO 15189:2012 about documentation of examination procedures
  42. Write policy/procedure to find new lot of internal quality control mean and sd for L-J chart.
  43. Type of quality check method for biochemistry analyte.
  44. Lactic acidosis – causes and biochemical basis of expected results of various laboratory examination
  45. Requirements in ISO 15189:2012 about Request form information
  46. Requirements in ISO 15189:2012 about verification and validation of examination procedure
  47. Bland Altman plot for comparison between two methods
  48. Name and function of fully automated biochemistry analyzer
  49. Biochemical basis of expected results of various laboratory examination in renal tubular acidosis
  50. Capillary blood sampling – methods and uses
  51. Risk management in NABL accredited clinical laboratory / requirements in ISO 15189-2012
  52. Recommended order of draw, stopper color, content and inversions
  53. Types of vacuum tubes for collection of blood for serum
  54. LJ Chart for quality control
  55. Explain Trueness, accuracy and precision with examples
  56. Explain repeatability and reproducibility with examples
  57. Cholesterol reference material, method and laboratories
  58. Structure, function and clinical co-relation of creatine kinase and it’s Isoenzymes.
  59. Type of Chromatography
  60. Principle and utility of mass spectrometry
  61. Principle, type and use of ELISA.
  62. Light sources in analytical equipments
  63. Electrophoresis support media
  64. Isoelectric focusing
  65. Principle, instrumentation and uses of capillary electrophoresis
  66. Affinity chromatography
  67. Explain chromatographic resolution and efficiency
  68. Quadrupole and linear ion trap mass analysers
  69. Tandom mass spectrometry
  70. Clinical applications of mass spectrometer
  71. DNA motifs
  72. Write various analytic method with it’s principle, advantages, disadvantages, clinical interpretation of CRP, Ferritin, D-Dimer, IL-6 and procalcitonin.
  73. Potentiometry electrodes for pCO2
  74. Amperometric electrode for pO2